Students perceptions of women in advertising commercials Coursework

Students perceptions of women in advertising commercials - Coursework Example This essay "Students’ perceptions of women in advertising commercials" describes how women portrayed in advertisement and the impact of the usage of women in ads on consumers' behavior. According to Wolin, gender appears to be an important factor when planning a communication strategy yet this study reveals that race is also an important consideration. This study can inform design managers working to develop effective communication strategies. It is difficult to conceive of a person alive today who has never seen or heard an advertisement, even for those who don’t commonly watch TV or listen to the radio. However, according to Television Statistics, an average person living in the modern world watches television one to four hours per day. During these hours of watching television, there is a great probability that this person will see at least one advertisement. But the way in which the viewer will react to this advertisement can vary widely. While probabilities can be determined regarding what percentage of viewers will react positively versus those who will react negatively or indifferently, getting more specific than this is very difficult and depends to a great deal on what images and ideas are included in the advertisement itself. The use of women in advertising is one of the most controversial issues in contemporary marketing. Cortese claims that the way in which women are used in advertising exposes the ideological beliefs in dominance and control that remain a strong feature of contemporary commerce despite feminist efforts. According to Mayne (2002), women are frequently shown in television advertisements to market cosmetics, personal hygiene products or products for cleaning the home. This reinforces the message that women's priorities should be centred on improving their looks or caring for the interior of the home. Culture is one of the more significant aspects of society that can determine the potential reaction of the viewer to a given message. Although there are many different types of cultures living together in one country, people with similar backgrounds, ethnicities or belief systems tend to share similar values (Gupta, et al, 2007). But what is culture' According to Hofstede "culture is the collective

FINANCE (ratio analysis) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

FINANCE (ratio analysis) - Essay Example 1.3.1 Both Interest Cover and capital gearing ratios proved that BAE uses more debt than Cobham to operate its business. The risk of BAE not being able to pay its debt is certainly higher than Cobham's. 2.2.1 ROCE measures the profitability of the company in capital investment. Even though ROCE declined for Cobham from 2004 to 2005, but it is still higher than both values of ROCE for BAE in both years. 2.3.1 Profit margin measures earnings from every dollarof sales. It is used to compare companies that operate within the same industry. Even though Cobham profit margin has decreased from 17% in 2004 to 14% n 2005, but it is still higher than BAE' profit margin which averaged about 8% during 2004 and 2005. In 2005, Cobham retained $0.14 as profit from every dollar of sales while BAE retained $0.08 for every dollar of sales it generated. This indicates that Cobham has better control over its costs and is more profitable than BAE. 3.1.1 Working capital measures company operations efficiency and predicts short range operational. By comparing BAE and Cobham's working capital, it was found that Cobham is more capable than BAE in paying its short term debts. 3.2.1 This test is better than the working capital ratio because it measures whether a firm has enough short-term assets to cover its liabilities without selling inventory. Both firms exhibit less than one value indicating the difficulty I paying debt, However, Cobham has higher score than BAE and thus Cobham has better financial situation than BAE. 3.3 Summary of Liquidity Ratios 3.3.1 Working capital and liquidity test suggest that Cobham was more capable than BAE in meeting its short term liabilities in 2004 and 2005.